- Aug 13, 2018 The 3.1 GHz processor runs more times per second, but the 2.7 GHz CPU might actually accomplish more per cycle if it has more cores, more transistors, or other extra features, making it faster. An Intel i3 processor and an Intel i5 processor can both be 2.9GHz, but the i3 is cheaper and slower because it does less per cycle.
- Another supercomputer called MDGrape-3, built by the Japanese company RIKEN, has a theoretical maximum speed of 1 petaflop (1 guadrillion operations per second), which is three.
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- My windows 10 machine (realtek RTL8192CU wireless lan 802.11n usb 2.0) download speed 1.51 mb, upload 19.74mb and ping 12 and can only connect through 2.4GHz network. My apple laptop and imac next to the pc both run 200mb download over 5GHz network and between 50 and 60mb over the 2.4GHz with also only 20mb upload. Why is it that the PC is so slow.
Author's Note: What is the world's fastest supercomputer used for?
Related Articles
Sources
- Burt, Jeffrey. 'Cray's Titan Supercomputer Displaces IBM's Sequoia as World's Fastest.' eWeek. Nov. 11, 2012. (April 21, 2013) http://www.eweek.com/servers/crays-titan-supercomputer-displaces-ibms-sequoia-as-worlds-fastest/
- Goodwin, Bruce and Zacharia, Thomas. 'The supercomputing race.' Washington Post. June 23, 2011. (April 21, 2013) http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/the-supercomputing-race/2011/06/22/AGou73hH_story.html
- Johnston, Donald B. 'NNSA's Sequoia supercomputer ranked as world's fastest.' Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. June 18, 2012. (Oct. 3, 2012) https://www.llnl.gov/news/newsreleases/2012/Jun/NR-12-06-07.html
- Kolawole, Emi. 'Oak Ridge and NVIDIA unveil Titan supercomputer.' Washington Post. Oct. 29, 2012. (April 20, 2013) http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/innovations/post/oak-ridge-and-nvidia-unveil-titan-supercomputer/2012/10/28/78bf2e98-2110-11e2-8448-81b1ce7d6978_blog.html
- NVIDIA. 'What is GPU Computing?' Nvidia.com. Undated. (April 20, 2013)http://www.nvidia.com/object/what-is-gpu-computing.html
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory. 'Introducing Titan.' 2012. (April 20, 2013)http://www.olcf.ornl.gov/titan/
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Nov. 12, 2012. (April 20, 2013). 'ORNL s supercomputer named world's most powerful' http://www.ornl.gov/info/press_releases/get_press_release.cfm?ReleaseNumber=mr20121112-00
- Peckham, Matt. 'Meet Intel's Crazy 50-Core 'Knights Corner', World's First 1 TFLOPS Processor.' Time. Nov. 17, 2011. (April 20, 2013) http://techland.time.com/2011/11/17/meet-intels-crazy-50-core-knights-corner-worlds-first-1-tflops-processor/#ixzz2R3wYzk4Q
Types of Computers
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A computer is a machine that can be programmed to manipulate symbols. Its principal characteristics are:
- It responds to a specific set of instructions in a well-defined manner.
- It can execute a prerecorded list of instructions (a program).
- It can quickly store and retrieve large amounts of data.
Therefore computers can perform complex and repetitive procedures quickly, precisely and reliably. Modern computers are electronic and digital. The actual machinery (wires, transistors, and circuits) is called hardware; the instructions and data are called software. All general-purpose computers require the following hardware components:
- Central processing unit (CPU): The heart of the computer, this is the component that actually executes instructions organized in programs ('software') which tell the computer what to do.
- Memory (fast, expensive, short-term memory): Enables a computer to store, at least temporarily, data, programs, and intermediate results.
- Mass storage device (slower, cheaper, long-term memory): Allows a computer to permanently retain large amounts of data and programs between jobs. Common mass storage devices include disk drives and tape drives.
- Input device: Usually a keyboard and mouse, the input device is the conduit through which data and instructions enter a computer.
- Output device: A display screen, printer, or other device that lets you see what the computer has accomplished.
In addition to these components, many others make it possible for the basic components to work together efficiently. For example, every computer requires a bus that transmits data from one part of the computer to another.
Computers can be generally classified by size and power as follows, though there is considerable overlap:
- Personal computer: A small, single-user computer based on a microprocessor.
- Workstation: A powerful, single-user computer. A workstation is like a personal computer, but it has a more powerful microprocessor and, in general, a higher-quality monitor.
- Minicomputer: A multi-user computer capable of supporting up to hundreds of users simultaneously.
- Mainframe: A powerful multi-user computer capable of supporting many hundreds or thousands of users simultaneously.
- Supercomputer: An extremely fast computer that can perform hundreds of millions of instructions per second.
Supercomputer and Mainframe
Fast Computer 1 3 +
Supercomputer is a broad term for one of the fastest computers currently available. Supercomputers are very expensive and are employed for specialized applications that require immense amounts of mathematical calculations (number crunching). For example, weather forecasting requires a supercomputer. Other uses of supercomputers scientific simulations, (animated) graphics, fluid dynamic calculations, nuclear energy research, electronic design, and analysis of geological data (e.g. in petrochemical prospecting). Perhaps the best known supercomputer manufacturer is Cray Research.
Mainframe was a term originally referring to the cabinet containing the central processor unit or 'main frame' of a room-filling Stone Age batch machine. After the emergence of smaller 'minicomputer' designs in the early 1970s, the traditional big iron machines were described as 'mainframe computers' and eventually just as mainframes. Nowadays a Mainframe is a very large and expensive computer capable of supporting hundreds, or even thousands, of users simultaneously. The chief difference between a supercomputer and a mainframe is that a supercomputer channels all its power into executing a few programs as fast as possible, whereas a mainframe uses its power to execute many programs concurrently. In some ways, mainframes are more powerful than supercomputers because they support more simultaneous programs. But supercomputers can execute a single program faster than a mainframe. The distinction between small mainframes and minicomputers is vague, depending really on how the manufacturer wants to market its machines.
Minicomputer
It is a midsize computer. In the past decade, the distinction between large minicomputers and small mainframes has blurred, however, as has the distinction between small minicomputers and workstations. But in general, a minicomputer is a multiprocessing system capable of supporting from up to 200 users simultaneously.